# Cabo Delgado’s Resource Wealth in Mozambique # 모잠비크 카부델가두의 자원 부국성
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# Cabo Delgado’s Resource Wealth in Mozambique
# 모잠비크 카부델가두의 자원 부국성
---
## English
Your statement is broadly directionally correct in the sense that **Cabo Delgado is one of Mozambique’s most resource-endowed provinces**, and it is *the* most globally prominent today because it concentrates **(a) world-class offshore natural gas** in the Rovuma Basin plus **(b) high-value minerals/gemstones** (notably rubies and graphite). ([pubs.usgs.gov][1])
That said, whether it is “the richest” depends on what metric you use (export value, proven reserves, fiscal take, employment, etc.), because other provinces also host major resources (e.g., coal historically in Tete). The **combination and scale** in Cabo Delgado is what makes it exceptional.
### What resources make Cabo Delgado stand out
**Offshore natural gas (Rovuma Basin) — the big one**
* The **Rovuma Basin** off northern Mozambique contains giant gas discoveries that underpin multiple LNG export projects. One major onshore project led by TotalEnergies (Mozambique LNG / Area 1) has been **suspended due to security conditions** per the operator’s own public information. ([TotalEnergies.com][2])
* In parallel, **offshore floating LNG (FLNG)** has been able to operate more independently from onshore insecurity: Eni’s **Coral Sul FLNG** shipped Mozambique’s **first LNG cargo in November 2022**. ([eni.com][3])
* The sector is still expanding: Reuters reports that **Coral North (second FLNG)** reached a key approval/decision path and is expected to start up later in the decade (reporting points to **around 2028**). ([Reuters][4])
**Rubies (Montepuez) — globally significant gemstone supply**
* The **Montepuez Ruby Mine** in Cabo Delgado is widely described by the operator as one of the most significant ruby deposits in the world. ([gemfields.com][5])
* Gemfields (operator/owner group) has also stated that this deposit supplies a very large share of global ruby supply (their materials cite ~50%). ([gemfieldsgroup.com][6])
**Graphite (Balama) — strategic “battery mineral”**
* The **Balama graphite operation** (Cabo Delgado) is promoted as “globally significant,” and industry sources commonly describe it as among the world’s largest/high-grade graphite deposits. ([Syrah Resources][7])
* This matters geopolitically because natural graphite is a key input into lithium-ion battery anodes, so Balama sits in an increasingly strategic supply chain. ([Syrah Resources][7])
**Other mineral resources (supporting cast)**
* Major reference material (e.g., USGS reporting) discusses Mozambique’s mineral mix including **graphite, heavy mineral sands, natural gas, rubies**, and notes LNG development offshore **Cabo Delgado Province**. ([pubs.usgs.gov][1])
* Geological/sector summaries also emphasize Mozambique’s abundance of hydrocarbons and mineral resources in general, consistent with Cabo Delgado’s role at the northern resource frontier. ([bgr.bund.de][8])
### Why “resource-rich” does not automatically become “prosperous”
Cabo Delgado is a textbook case where **resource endowment + weak institutions + insecurity** can produce volatility.
**Security and displacement are not side issues; they directly affect projects and people**
* The insurgency that began in the late 2010s has driven repeated displacement waves; UN-linked reporting and major outlets describe tens of thousands displaced in bursts and over a million displaced cumulatively across the wider crisis period. ([AP News][9])
* Humanitarian actors (e.g., MSF) have also reported fresh displacement spikes and emergency responses in the province. ([msf.org][10])
* This insecurity is explicitly connected to the investment climate: the operator itself describes Mozambique LNG as suspended due to the security situation. ([TotalEnergies.com][2])
**Local political economy tensions**
* Mega-projects (gas, mines) bring land pressure (resettlement, compensation disputes), uneven job access, and perceptions that benefits are captured elsewhere—classic drivers of grievance in resource provinces. (This pattern is frequently discussed in conflict analyses of Cabo Delgado.) ([The New Humanitarian][11])
### A precise way to say your claim (so it holds up under scrutiny)
If you want the statement to be robust in a report or pitch deck, this framing is harder to contest:
* “**Cabo Delgado is Mozambique’s most internationally strategic resource province** because it combines world-scale offshore gas (Rovuma Basin LNG) with globally significant ruby and graphite deposits.” ([eni.com][3])
* “Its development has been **materially constrained by the Cabo Delgado insurgency**, which has repeatedly displaced civilians and delayed some onshore LNG construction.” ([Reuters][12])
---
## 한국어
말씀하신 요지는 대체로 맞습니다. **카부델가두(Cabo Delgado)**는 모잠비크에서 **자원(특히 ‘국제적으로 돈이 되는 자원’)이 가장 강하게 응집된 지역 중 하나**이고, 오늘날 세계 시장에서의 존재감은 사실상 **최상위**입니다. 다만 “가장 풍부하다(=1등)”는 표현은 **기준(매장량/생산액/수출액/세수/고용)**에 따라 논쟁 여지가 있어, **“가장 전략적인 자원 지역”**처럼 정의를 조금 다듬으면 훨씬 단단해집니다.
### 카부델가두가 ‘자원 부국(富國) 지역’으로 불리는 핵심 이유
**로부마 분지(Rovuma Basin) 해상 천연가스 — 스케일이 압도적**
* 모잠비크 북부 해상 로부마 분지의 초대형 가스 발견은 여러 LNG(액화천연가스) 수출 프로젝트의 기반입니다. ([Reuters][4])
* TotalEnergies가 참여하는 **Mozambique LNG(Area 1)**는 사업자 공식 설명 기준으로 **치안(보안) 문제로 ‘현재 중단(suspended)’** 상태로 안내됩니다. ([TotalEnergies.com][2])
* 반면 **해상 부유식 LNG(FLNG)**는 상대적으로 육상 치안의 영향을 덜 받는 구조인데, Eni의 **Coral Sul FLNG**는 **2022년 11월 모잠비크 첫 LNG 출하**를 공식 발표한 바 있습니다. ([eni.com][3])
* Reuters 보도에 따르면 **Coral North(두 번째 FLNG)**도 투자·승인 단계가 진전되어 향후(보도상 **2028년 전후**) 생산 확대가 전망됩니다. ([Reuters][4])
**몬테푸에즈(Montepuez) 루비 — 세계급 보석 자원**
* 카부델가두의 **Montepuez 루비 광구**는 운영사 자료에서 “세계적으로 가장 중요한 루비 산지 중 하나”로 반복적으로 설명됩니다. ([gemfields.com][5])
* Gemfields 측 자료는 이 광구가 세계 루비 공급에서 매우 큰 비중(자사 추정치로 약 50%)을 차지한다고도 언급합니다. ([gemfieldsgroup.com][6])
**발라마(Balama) 흑연 — 배터리 공급망에서 전략광물**
* **Balama 흑연 광산**은 회사·산업 자료에서 “세계 최대급/고품위”로 자주 언급되는 대형 자원입니다. ([Syrah Resources][7])
* 흑연은 리튬이온 배터리 음극재(애노드) 핵심 원료라서, 카부델가두는 단순 채굴지가 아니라 **글로벌 공급망 거점** 성격을 갖습니다. ([Syrah Resources][7])
**그 밖의 광물 자원(중요한 보조축)**
* USGS 자료는 모잠비크의 광물 산업 구성을 설명하면서 **천연가스·루비·흑연·중광물사(heavy mineral sands)** 등을 언급하고, LNG 개발이 **카부델가두 해상에서 진행**된다고 정리합니다. ([pubs.usgs.gov][1])
### 왜 ‘자원이 많다’가 ‘안정적 부(富)’로 자동 변환되지 않나
카부델가두는 자원개발의 교과서적 리스크를 동시에 갖습니다.
**치안 악화 → 주민 피해 + 프로젝트 지연**
* 무장세력 공격과 불안정으로 대규모 이주가 반복되었고, Reuters 및 AP 보도는 **단기간 수만 명 단위의 추가 이주**와 누적 **백만 명 규모의 국내실향(IDPs)** 문제가 언급되는 상황을 전합니다. ([AP News][9])
* MSF도 2025년 하반기 기준 카부델가두에서 **추가 실향**과 긴급 의료·식수 대응 필요를 발표했습니다. ([msf.org][10])
* 그리고 이 문제가 투자에 직접 연결됩니다. TotalEnergies는 Mozambique LNG가 **보안 문제로 중단**되어 있다고 명시합니다. ([TotalEnergies.com][2])
**지역 불만의 구조**
* 대형 자원 프로젝트는 토지·이주·보상·일자리 배분·지역환원(로컬컨텐츠) 문제를 동반합니다. 카부델가두 갈등 분석들에서도 이런 “정치경제(benefit-sharing)” 요인이 반복적으로 논의됩니다. ([The New Humanitarian][11])
### 더 단단한 문장(보고서/소개글용)
* “카부델가두는 로부마 분지의 초대형 해상 가스(LNG)와 세계급 루비·대형 흑연이 결합된, **모잠비크에서 가장 전략적인 자원 지역**이다.” ([eni.com][3])
* “다만 자원 개발은 **치안 불안과 대규모 실향**으로 제약을 받아 왔고, 일부 육상 LNG 프로젝트는 보안 문제로 중단된 상태로 설명된다.” ([Reuters][12])
---
## 日本語
ご指摘のとおり、**カボ・デルガド州はモザンビークで最も資源が集中する地域の一つ**で、特に国際的インパクトという点では突出しています。
ただし「国内で最も豊富（1位）」は尺度次第で議論余地があるため、正確には「**最も戦略的な資源州**」と表現すると強固です。
* **天然ガス（ロブマ盆地）**：北部沖合の巨大ガスを基盤にLNG計画が進む。TotalEnergiesはArea 1のMozambique LNGが治安を理由に**停止中**と説明。 ([TotalEnergies.com][2])
* **FLNG（沖合の強み）**：EniのCoral Sul FLNGは**2022年11月に初出荷**（モザンビーク初のLNGカーゴ）。 ([eni.com][3])
* **ルビー（モンテプエズ）**：世界的に重要なルビー鉱床として事業者が位置付け。 ([gemfields.com][5])
* **黒鉛（バラマ）**：世界最大級・高品位とされる天然黒鉛の主要鉱山。 ([mining-technology.com][13])
* **治安と人道**：武装勢力の暴力で大規模避難が続き、開発・生活双方に影響。 ([Reuters][12])
---
## Español
La idea central es correcta: **Cabo Delgado es una de las provincias más ricas en recursos de Mozambique** y hoy es probablemente la más “estratégica” a escala global por la combinación de **gas offshore** y **minerales/gemas**.
* **Gas natural (Cuenca de Rovuma)**: base de múltiples proyectos de LNG; TotalEnergies describe Mozambique LNG (Area 1) como **suspendido por seguridad**. ([TotalEnergies.com][2])
* **FLNG**: Coral Sul FLNG (Eni) exportó el **primer cargamento de LNG** del país en noviembre de 2022. ([eni.com][3])
* **Rubíes (Montepuez)**: depósito considerado de los más importantes del mundo por el operador. ([gemfields.com][5])
* **Grafito (Balama)**: uno de los mayores y de alta ley a nivel mundial, clave para cadenas de valor de baterías. ([mining-technology.com][13])
* **Riesgo estructural**: insurgencia, desplazamientos y presión humanitaria condicionan el desarrollo. ([Reuters][12])
---
## Français
Votre affirmation est globalement juste: **Cabo Delgado est l’une des régions les plus dotées en ressources au Mozambique**, et c’est aujourd’hui la plus visible au niveau mondial grâce au couple **gaz offshore (Rovuma)** + **rubis/graphite**.
* **Gaz (bassin de Rovuma)**: moteur des projets LNG; TotalEnergies indique que Mozambique LNG (Area 1) est **suspendu pour raisons de sécurité**. ([TotalEnergies.com][2])
* **FLNG**: Coral Sul FLNG (Eni) a expédié le **premier cargo LNG** du Mozambique en novembre 2022. ([eni.com][3])
* **Rubis (Montepuez)**: gisement majeur à l’échelle mondiale selon l’opérateur. ([gemfields.com][5])
* **Graphite (Balama)**: dépôt/operation parmi les plus grands et de haute teneur, stratégique pour les batteries. ([mining-technology.com][13])
* **Contrainte majeure**: insécurité et déplacements massifs, avec impacts humains et économiques. ([Reuters][12])
---
* [Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/many-displaced-mozambique-violence-spreads-aid-runs-short-un-says-2025-12-05/?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
* [AP News](https://apnews.com/article/180cecc43e76a7a54aa30eb0822beded?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
* [The Guardian](https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/dec/25/displaced-islamic-state-insurgency-mozambique?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
* [Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/eni-takes-final-investment-decision-second-floating-lng-unit-offshore-mozambique-2025-10-02/?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
* [Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/mozambique-government-approves-enis-coral-norte-flng-plan-2025-04-08/?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
[1]: https://pubs.usgs.gov/myb/vol3/2017-18/myb3-2017-18-mozambique.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com "The Mineral Industry of Mozambique in 2017-2018"
[2]: https://totalenergies.com/mozambique?utm_source=chatgpt.com "TotalEnergies in Mozambique"
[3]: https://www.eni.com/en-IT/media/press-release/2022/11/eni-coral-first-cargo.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Mozambique's first LNG cargo departs from Coral Sul ..."
[4]: https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/mozambique-government-approves-enis-coral-norte-flng-plan-2025-04-08/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Mozambique government approves Eni's Coral Norte FLNG plan"
[5]: https://gemfields.com/about/our-mines-and-brands/montepuez-ruby-mine/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Montepuez Ruby Mine Mozambique"
[6]: https://www.gemfieldsgroup.com/assets/montepuez-ruby-mining-limitada/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Montepuez Ruby Mining Limitada (Ruby)"
[7]: https://www.syrahresources.com.au/our-business/balama-graphite-operation?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Balama Graphite Operation"
[8]: https://www.bgr.bund.de/EN/Themen/Zusammenarbeit/Techn-Zusammenarb/Downloads/3054_Mosambique_BrochureTheMiningSector.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=4&utm_source=chatgpt.com "Mining sector in Mozambique"
[9]: https://apnews.com/article/180cecc43e76a7a54aa30eb0822beded?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Islamic State-linked fighters displace over 46,000 people in northern Mozambique, UN says"
[10]: https://www.msf.org/violence-cabo-delgado-sparks-new-wave-displacement?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Violence in Cabo Delgado sparks new wave of displacement"
[11]: https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/news-feature/2024/10/08/mozambique-cabo-delgado-insurgency-conflict-without-end?utm_source=chatgpt.com "In Mozambique's Cabo Delgado, extraction and insurgency ..."
[12]: https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/many-displaced-mozambique-violence-spreads-aid-runs-short-un-says-2025-12-05/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Many displaced in Mozambique as violence spreads and aid runs short, UN says"
[13]: https://www.mining-technology.com/projects/balama-graphite-project/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Balama Graphite Project -"
# 모잠비크 카부델가두의 자원 부국성
---
## English
Your statement is broadly directionally correct in the sense that **Cabo Delgado is one of Mozambique’s most resource-endowed provinces**, and it is *the* most globally prominent today because it concentrates **(a) world-class offshore natural gas** in the Rovuma Basin plus **(b) high-value minerals/gemstones** (notably rubies and graphite). ([pubs.usgs.gov][1])
That said, whether it is “the richest” depends on what metric you use (export value, proven reserves, fiscal take, employment, etc.), because other provinces also host major resources (e.g., coal historically in Tete). The **combination and scale** in Cabo Delgado is what makes it exceptional.
### What resources make Cabo Delgado stand out
**Offshore natural gas (Rovuma Basin) — the big one**
* The **Rovuma Basin** off northern Mozambique contains giant gas discoveries that underpin multiple LNG export projects. One major onshore project led by TotalEnergies (Mozambique LNG / Area 1) has been **suspended due to security conditions** per the operator’s own public information. ([TotalEnergies.com][2])
* In parallel, **offshore floating LNG (FLNG)** has been able to operate more independently from onshore insecurity: Eni’s **Coral Sul FLNG** shipped Mozambique’s **first LNG cargo in November 2022**. ([eni.com][3])
* The sector is still expanding: Reuters reports that **Coral North (second FLNG)** reached a key approval/decision path and is expected to start up later in the decade (reporting points to **around 2028**). ([Reuters][4])
**Rubies (Montepuez) — globally significant gemstone supply**
* The **Montepuez Ruby Mine** in Cabo Delgado is widely described by the operator as one of the most significant ruby deposits in the world. ([gemfields.com][5])
* Gemfields (operator/owner group) has also stated that this deposit supplies a very large share of global ruby supply (their materials cite ~50%). ([gemfieldsgroup.com][6])
**Graphite (Balama) — strategic “battery mineral”**
* The **Balama graphite operation** (Cabo Delgado) is promoted as “globally significant,” and industry sources commonly describe it as among the world’s largest/high-grade graphite deposits. ([Syrah Resources][7])
* This matters geopolitically because natural graphite is a key input into lithium-ion battery anodes, so Balama sits in an increasingly strategic supply chain. ([Syrah Resources][7])
**Other mineral resources (supporting cast)**
* Major reference material (e.g., USGS reporting) discusses Mozambique’s mineral mix including **graphite, heavy mineral sands, natural gas, rubies**, and notes LNG development offshore **Cabo Delgado Province**. ([pubs.usgs.gov][1])
* Geological/sector summaries also emphasize Mozambique’s abundance of hydrocarbons and mineral resources in general, consistent with Cabo Delgado’s role at the northern resource frontier. ([bgr.bund.de][8])
### Why “resource-rich” does not automatically become “prosperous”
Cabo Delgado is a textbook case where **resource endowment + weak institutions + insecurity** can produce volatility.
**Security and displacement are not side issues; they directly affect projects and people**
* The insurgency that began in the late 2010s has driven repeated displacement waves; UN-linked reporting and major outlets describe tens of thousands displaced in bursts and over a million displaced cumulatively across the wider crisis period. ([AP News][9])
* Humanitarian actors (e.g., MSF) have also reported fresh displacement spikes and emergency responses in the province. ([msf.org][10])
* This insecurity is explicitly connected to the investment climate: the operator itself describes Mozambique LNG as suspended due to the security situation. ([TotalEnergies.com][2])
**Local political economy tensions**
* Mega-projects (gas, mines) bring land pressure (resettlement, compensation disputes), uneven job access, and perceptions that benefits are captured elsewhere—classic drivers of grievance in resource provinces. (This pattern is frequently discussed in conflict analyses of Cabo Delgado.) ([The New Humanitarian][11])
### A precise way to say your claim (so it holds up under scrutiny)
If you want the statement to be robust in a report or pitch deck, this framing is harder to contest:
* “**Cabo Delgado is Mozambique’s most internationally strategic resource province** because it combines world-scale offshore gas (Rovuma Basin LNG) with globally significant ruby and graphite deposits.” ([eni.com][3])
* “Its development has been **materially constrained by the Cabo Delgado insurgency**, which has repeatedly displaced civilians and delayed some onshore LNG construction.” ([Reuters][12])
---
## 한국어
말씀하신 요지는 대체로 맞습니다. **카부델가두(Cabo Delgado)**는 모잠비크에서 **자원(특히 ‘국제적으로 돈이 되는 자원’)이 가장 강하게 응집된 지역 중 하나**이고, 오늘날 세계 시장에서의 존재감은 사실상 **최상위**입니다. 다만 “가장 풍부하다(=1등)”는 표현은 **기준(매장량/생산액/수출액/세수/고용)**에 따라 논쟁 여지가 있어, **“가장 전략적인 자원 지역”**처럼 정의를 조금 다듬으면 훨씬 단단해집니다.
### 카부델가두가 ‘자원 부국(富國) 지역’으로 불리는 핵심 이유
**로부마 분지(Rovuma Basin) 해상 천연가스 — 스케일이 압도적**
* 모잠비크 북부 해상 로부마 분지의 초대형 가스 발견은 여러 LNG(액화천연가스) 수출 프로젝트의 기반입니다. ([Reuters][4])
* TotalEnergies가 참여하는 **Mozambique LNG(Area 1)**는 사업자 공식 설명 기준으로 **치안(보안) 문제로 ‘현재 중단(suspended)’** 상태로 안내됩니다. ([TotalEnergies.com][2])
* 반면 **해상 부유식 LNG(FLNG)**는 상대적으로 육상 치안의 영향을 덜 받는 구조인데, Eni의 **Coral Sul FLNG**는 **2022년 11월 모잠비크 첫 LNG 출하**를 공식 발표한 바 있습니다. ([eni.com][3])
* Reuters 보도에 따르면 **Coral North(두 번째 FLNG)**도 투자·승인 단계가 진전되어 향후(보도상 **2028년 전후**) 생산 확대가 전망됩니다. ([Reuters][4])
**몬테푸에즈(Montepuez) 루비 — 세계급 보석 자원**
* 카부델가두의 **Montepuez 루비 광구**는 운영사 자료에서 “세계적으로 가장 중요한 루비 산지 중 하나”로 반복적으로 설명됩니다. ([gemfields.com][5])
* Gemfields 측 자료는 이 광구가 세계 루비 공급에서 매우 큰 비중(자사 추정치로 약 50%)을 차지한다고도 언급합니다. ([gemfieldsgroup.com][6])
**발라마(Balama) 흑연 — 배터리 공급망에서 전략광물**
* **Balama 흑연 광산**은 회사·산업 자료에서 “세계 최대급/고품위”로 자주 언급되는 대형 자원입니다. ([Syrah Resources][7])
* 흑연은 리튬이온 배터리 음극재(애노드) 핵심 원료라서, 카부델가두는 단순 채굴지가 아니라 **글로벌 공급망 거점** 성격을 갖습니다. ([Syrah Resources][7])
**그 밖의 광물 자원(중요한 보조축)**
* USGS 자료는 모잠비크의 광물 산업 구성을 설명하면서 **천연가스·루비·흑연·중광물사(heavy mineral sands)** 등을 언급하고, LNG 개발이 **카부델가두 해상에서 진행**된다고 정리합니다. ([pubs.usgs.gov][1])
### 왜 ‘자원이 많다’가 ‘안정적 부(富)’로 자동 변환되지 않나
카부델가두는 자원개발의 교과서적 리스크를 동시에 갖습니다.
**치안 악화 → 주민 피해 + 프로젝트 지연**
* 무장세력 공격과 불안정으로 대규모 이주가 반복되었고, Reuters 및 AP 보도는 **단기간 수만 명 단위의 추가 이주**와 누적 **백만 명 규모의 국내실향(IDPs)** 문제가 언급되는 상황을 전합니다. ([AP News][9])
* MSF도 2025년 하반기 기준 카부델가두에서 **추가 실향**과 긴급 의료·식수 대응 필요를 발표했습니다. ([msf.org][10])
* 그리고 이 문제가 투자에 직접 연결됩니다. TotalEnergies는 Mozambique LNG가 **보안 문제로 중단**되어 있다고 명시합니다. ([TotalEnergies.com][2])
**지역 불만의 구조**
* 대형 자원 프로젝트는 토지·이주·보상·일자리 배분·지역환원(로컬컨텐츠) 문제를 동반합니다. 카부델가두 갈등 분석들에서도 이런 “정치경제(benefit-sharing)” 요인이 반복적으로 논의됩니다. ([The New Humanitarian][11])
### 더 단단한 문장(보고서/소개글용)
* “카부델가두는 로부마 분지의 초대형 해상 가스(LNG)와 세계급 루비·대형 흑연이 결합된, **모잠비크에서 가장 전략적인 자원 지역**이다.” ([eni.com][3])
* “다만 자원 개발은 **치안 불안과 대규모 실향**으로 제약을 받아 왔고, 일부 육상 LNG 프로젝트는 보안 문제로 중단된 상태로 설명된다.” ([Reuters][12])
---
## 日本語
ご指摘のとおり、**カボ・デルガド州はモザンビークで最も資源が集中する地域の一つ**で、特に国際的インパクトという点では突出しています。
ただし「国内で最も豊富（1位）」は尺度次第で議論余地があるため、正確には「**最も戦略的な資源州**」と表現すると強固です。
* **天然ガス（ロブマ盆地）**：北部沖合の巨大ガスを基盤にLNG計画が進む。TotalEnergiesはArea 1のMozambique LNGが治安を理由に**停止中**と説明。 ([TotalEnergies.com][2])
* **FLNG（沖合の強み）**：EniのCoral Sul FLNGは**2022年11月に初出荷**（モザンビーク初のLNGカーゴ）。 ([eni.com][3])
* **ルビー（モンテプエズ）**：世界的に重要なルビー鉱床として事業者が位置付け。 ([gemfields.com][5])
* **黒鉛（バラマ）**：世界最大級・高品位とされる天然黒鉛の主要鉱山。 ([mining-technology.com][13])
* **治安と人道**：武装勢力の暴力で大規模避難が続き、開発・生活双方に影響。 ([Reuters][12])
---
## Español
La idea central es correcta: **Cabo Delgado es una de las provincias más ricas en recursos de Mozambique** y hoy es probablemente la más “estratégica” a escala global por la combinación de **gas offshore** y **minerales/gemas**.
* **Gas natural (Cuenca de Rovuma)**: base de múltiples proyectos de LNG; TotalEnergies describe Mozambique LNG (Area 1) como **suspendido por seguridad**. ([TotalEnergies.com][2])
* **FLNG**: Coral Sul FLNG (Eni) exportó el **primer cargamento de LNG** del país en noviembre de 2022. ([eni.com][3])
* **Rubíes (Montepuez)**: depósito considerado de los más importantes del mundo por el operador. ([gemfields.com][5])
* **Grafito (Balama)**: uno de los mayores y de alta ley a nivel mundial, clave para cadenas de valor de baterías. ([mining-technology.com][13])
* **Riesgo estructural**: insurgencia, desplazamientos y presión humanitaria condicionan el desarrollo. ([Reuters][12])
---
## Français
Votre affirmation est globalement juste: **Cabo Delgado est l’une des régions les plus dotées en ressources au Mozambique**, et c’est aujourd’hui la plus visible au niveau mondial grâce au couple **gaz offshore (Rovuma)** + **rubis/graphite**.
* **Gaz (bassin de Rovuma)**: moteur des projets LNG; TotalEnergies indique que Mozambique LNG (Area 1) est **suspendu pour raisons de sécurité**. ([TotalEnergies.com][2])
* **FLNG**: Coral Sul FLNG (Eni) a expédié le **premier cargo LNG** du Mozambique en novembre 2022. ([eni.com][3])
* **Rubis (Montepuez)**: gisement majeur à l’échelle mondiale selon l’opérateur. ([gemfields.com][5])
* **Graphite (Balama)**: dépôt/operation parmi les plus grands et de haute teneur, stratégique pour les batteries. ([mining-technology.com][13])
* **Contrainte majeure**: insécurité et déplacements massifs, avec impacts humains et économiques. ([Reuters][12])
---
* [Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/many-displaced-mozambique-violence-spreads-aid-runs-short-un-says-2025-12-05/?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
* [AP News](https://apnews.com/article/180cecc43e76a7a54aa30eb0822beded?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
* [The Guardian](https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/dec/25/displaced-islamic-state-insurgency-mozambique?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
* [Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/eni-takes-final-investment-decision-second-floating-lng-unit-offshore-mozambique-2025-10-02/?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
* [Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/mozambique-government-approves-enis-coral-norte-flng-plan-2025-04-08/?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
[1]: https://pubs.usgs.gov/myb/vol3/2017-18/myb3-2017-18-mozambique.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com "The Mineral Industry of Mozambique in 2017-2018"
[2]: https://totalenergies.com/mozambique?utm_source=chatgpt.com "TotalEnergies in Mozambique"
[3]: https://www.eni.com/en-IT/media/press-release/2022/11/eni-coral-first-cargo.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Mozambique's first LNG cargo departs from Coral Sul ..."
[4]: https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/mozambique-government-approves-enis-coral-norte-flng-plan-2025-04-08/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Mozambique government approves Eni's Coral Norte FLNG plan"
[5]: https://gemfields.com/about/our-mines-and-brands/montepuez-ruby-mine/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Montepuez Ruby Mine Mozambique"
[6]: https://www.gemfieldsgroup.com/assets/montepuez-ruby-mining-limitada/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Montepuez Ruby Mining Limitada (Ruby)"
[7]: https://www.syrahresources.com.au/our-business/balama-graphite-operation?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Balama Graphite Operation"
[8]: https://www.bgr.bund.de/EN/Themen/Zusammenarbeit/Techn-Zusammenarb/Downloads/3054_Mosambique_BrochureTheMiningSector.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=4&utm_source=chatgpt.com "Mining sector in Mozambique"
[9]: https://apnews.com/article/180cecc43e76a7a54aa30eb0822beded?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Islamic State-linked fighters displace over 46,000 people in northern Mozambique, UN says"
[10]: https://www.msf.org/violence-cabo-delgado-sparks-new-wave-displacement?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Violence in Cabo Delgado sparks new wave of displacement"
[11]: https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/news-feature/2024/10/08/mozambique-cabo-delgado-insurgency-conflict-without-end?utm_source=chatgpt.com "In Mozambique's Cabo Delgado, extraction and insurgency ..."
[12]: https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/many-displaced-mozambique-violence-spreads-aid-runs-short-un-says-2025-12-05/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Many displaced in Mozambique as violence spreads and aid runs short, UN says"
[13]: https://www.mining-technology.com/projects/balama-graphite-project/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Balama Graphite Project -"