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Tech # AI’s Ultimate Winners # AI 최후의 승자

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Writer Joshuaa Hit 535 Hits Date 26-01-10 22:28
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# AI’s Ultimate Winners

# AI 최후의 승자

---

## English

### The most accurate answer: there won’t be a single “final winner”

AI is a **general-purpose technology** (like electricity, the internet, or smartphones). In those shifts, value rarely concentrates into one company forever. Instead, value accrues to the players who control **bottlenecks**—and the bottlenecks move over time.

For AI (as of 2026), the most durable bottlenecks are:

1. **Compute + interconnect + memory** (hardware supply chain)
2. **Distribution** (default placement inside OS, search, browsers, devices, enterprise suites)
3. **Proprietary workflows + data loops** (where AI is embedded into day-to-day work and continuously learns from usage)
4. **Trust/compliance** (regulation, safety, enterprise governance)

So “the final winner” is best understood as **a set of winners across layers**.

---

### Layer-by-layer: who is positioned to win (and why)

#### 1) Hardware / Infrastructure: the most structural “toll booth”

AI scaling still depends heavily on accelerators and the surrounding platform (networking, memory, rack-scale integration). NVIDIA’s dominance in discrete GPUs has been extremely high; Jon Peddie Research reported NVIDIA at about **92% AIB (discrete add-in-board) share in Q3 2025**. ([Jon Peddie Research][1])
On “high-end AI chips,” Reuters has repeatedly described NVIDIA as controlling about **~80%** of that market (not the same as PC GPUs, but directionally consistent with a strong position). ([Reuters][2])
NVIDIA’s own results show how much of its growth has been driven by data center AI demand (e.g., fiscal 2025 revenue reported at **$130.5B**). ([NVIDIA Newsroom][3])

What this implies:

* Even if model providers change, **the compute toll booth keeps collecting** as long as AI workloads grow.
* Competitors (AMD, custom ASICs, etc.) will gain share, but the category’s expansion can still make the leaders win.

A second infrastructure bottleneck is **power**: training/inference requires huge electricity and site buildout. Reuters recently reported OpenAI and SoftBank investing in energy/data center development as part of major infrastructure expansion efforts. ([Reuters][4])

**Likely “ultimate winners” in this layer:** leading accelerator ecosystems + the companies that can deliver reliable rack-scale systems and power capacity.

---

#### 2) Distribution: the companies that can make AI the default

When AI becomes “ambient” (built into everything), the biggest advantage is **default placement**:

* Search engines
* Mobile OS and device ecosystems
* Productivity suites
* Browsers
* Enterprise identity/security stacks

A concrete example: Reuters reported Samsung plans to expand “Galaxy AI” devices significantly in 2026, with many features powered by Google’s Gemini. ([Reuters][5])
That illustrates the distribution reality: **whoever is the default assistant on hundreds of millions of devices wins attention, data, and habit**.

**Likely “ultimate winners” in this layer:** platform owners that can bake AI into daily workflows and device experiences at scale.

---

#### 3) Frontier model labs: potential platform winners, but with commodity risk

Frontier model providers can win if they:

* build a developer platform (APIs, tooling, eval, monitoring),
* lock in enterprise workflows,
* keep cost/performance leadership.

But there is real **commoditization pressure** because:

* Open models keep improving (e.g., Meta’s release of Llama 3.1 405B as an openly available foundation model). ([메타 AI][6])
* Competitive dynamics force price/performance improvements and reduce margins over time.

Still, some labs are showing scale:

* Reuters reported OpenAI reaching about **$12B annualized revenue** in 2025 (citing The Information). ([Reuters][7])
* Anthropic stated its run-rate revenue reached **over $5B by August 2025** in its own announcement. ([Anthropic][8])

**Likely “ultimate winners” in this layer:** not “the smartest model,” but the lab(s) that become **enterprise infrastructure** (reliable, governable, cost-effective, integrated).

---

#### 4) Vertical AI (industry-specific): the most underrated long-term winner

Historically, when a powerful general tech arrives, the biggest durable value often accrues to companies that:

* own a vertical workflow (healthcare, law, construction, logistics, finance, manufacturing),
* integrate AI into that workflow,
* accumulate proprietary data from usage,
* become the system of record or system of action.

In verticals, distribution is narrower but stickiness is higher:

* Switching costs are real.
* Compliance and trust matter more than hype.
* ROI is measurable.

**Likely “ultimate winners” in this layer:** vertical SaaS and industry incumbents that successfully AI-enable their core operations.

---

#### 5) Regulation & trust: “compliance advantage” becomes a moat

AI regulation is becoming operationally meaningful. For example, the EU AI Act entered into force on **1 Aug 2024** and is set to be **fully applicable on 2 Aug 2026** with certain phased-in provisions. ([digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu][9])
This pushes enterprises toward vendors that can provide:

* documentation,
* risk management,
* auditability,
* data governance,
* safety controls.

**Likely “ultimate winners” in this layer:** vendors who turn compliance into a product feature, not a legal scramble.

---

### If you force a single “final winner” answer

The closest realistic answer is:

**The “ultimate winners” are the companies that control (1) compute and (2) distribution—and then successfully integrate AI into (3) proprietary workflows.**

That means:

* Infrastructure leaders (accelerators + rack-scale systems + power capacity)
* Platform distributors (OS/search/productivity/device ecosystems)
* Workflow/data owners (vertical SaaS & incumbents with defensible data loops)

Frontier model labs can absolutely be among the winners—but only if they become **platform utilities**, not just model demos.

---

### Practical “tips & applications” (how to think like a winner)

1. **Follow the bottleneck**: in 2026 it’s compute + energy + distribution; later it may shift to trust, data rights, and embodied AI (robots).
2. **Measure capture, not hype**: look for who can convert usage into recurring revenue and who can defend margins.
3. **Expect multi-model reality**: enterprises increasingly diversify models for cost, latency, governance, and resilience—so value moves “up” into orchestration and “down” into infra.
4. **Treat compliance as a product requirement**: EU-style governance timelines are now close enough to affect architecture decisions. ([digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu][9])

---

## 한국어

### 결론부터: “AI 최후의 승자”는 1명이 아니라 “레이어별 승자 묶음”이 된다

AI는 전기·인터넷·스마트폰 같은 **범용 기술**이라서, 한 회사가 영구적으로 독식하기 어렵습니다. 대신 “그 시점의 병목(톨게이트)”을 잡는 쪽이 이깁니다. 그리고 병목은 시대마다 이동합니다.

2026년 기준 병목은 대체로 이렇습니다.

1. **컴퓨트/메모리/인터커넥트/랙 설계**(인프라)
2. **배포(디스트리뷰션)**: OS·검색·브라우저·단말·업무툴의 기본값
3. **업무 워크플로우 + 데이터 루프**: 매일 쓰게 만들고 사용 데이터가 쌓이는 구조
4. **신뢰/규제 대응**: 감사 가능성, 데이터 거버넌스, 안전성

따라서 “최후의 승자”는 **한 회사가 아니라, 각 레이어에서 병목을 점유한 플레이어들의 조합**으로 보는 게 정확합니다.

---

### 레이어별 승자 구조

#### 1) 인프라/하드웨어: 가장 강한 ‘통행세’ 구간

AI 성능과 비용은 아직도 크게 **가속기( GPU/AI accelerator ) + 메모리 + 네트워킹**에 의해 결정됩니다. Jon Peddie Research는 **2025년 Q3 디스크리트 GPU(AIB) 시장에서 NVIDIA가 약 92% 점유**를 기록했다고 보고했습니다. ([Jon Peddie Research][1])
Reuters는 고급 AI 칩 시장에서 NVIDIA가 **약 80%**를 쥐고 있다는 식으로 반복 보도해 왔습니다(시장 정의는 PC GPU와 다르지만, 지배적 위치를 보여주는 지표로 자주 인용됩니다). ([Reuters][2])
NVIDIA의 실적 공시에서도 데이터센터 수요가 얼마나 큰지 드러납니다(예: 회계연도 2025 매출 **$130.5B**). ([NVIDIA Newsroom][3])

또 하나의 병목은 **전력과 부지**입니다. Reuters는 OpenAI와 SoftBank가 AI 인프라 확장을 위해 에너지/데이터센터 개발에 투자하는 흐름을 보도했습니다. ([Reuters][4])

핵심 의미:

* 모델이 바뀌어도 **AI가 커지는 한 인프라 톨게이트는 돈을 번다**.
* 경쟁사(AMD, 커스텀 ASIC)가 커져도 시장 자체가 확대되면 선두가 함께 커질 가능성이 큽니다.

---

#### 2) 배포(디스트리뷰션): “기본값”을 잡는 자가 승리한다

AI가 ‘앱’이 아니라 ‘환경’이 되면, 승부는 **기본값(디폴트)**에서 갈립니다.

* 검색 기본값
* 스마트폰/OS 기본 어시스턴트
* 업무툴(메일·문서·회의) 기본 AI
* 기업 계정/보안/ID 스택과 결합

실례로 Reuters는 삼성의 2026년 ‘Galaxy AI’ 확장(대규모 단말 탑재)과 Google Gemini 기반 기능 확대 흐름을 보도했습니다. ([Reuters][5])
이런 뉴스가 말해주는 것은 단순합니다: **수억 대 단말에서 기본 AI가 되는 쪽이 습관(=지속 사용)을 가져간다**는 점입니다.

---

#### 3) 프론티어 모델 기업: 플랫폼이 되면 승자, 아니면 ‘원가경쟁’에 빨려든다

모델 기업이 크게 이기려면 “모델 성능”만이 아니라:

* 개발자 플랫폼(API/툴링/평가/모니터링),
* 엔터프라이즈 통합(권한·감사·정책),
* 비용/지연(단가/레이트/캐시) 최적화
  까지 장악해야 합니다.

하지만 **상품화 압력**도 큽니다.

* 오픈 모델이 빠르게 좋아지고 있습니다(예: Meta가 Llama 3.1 405B를 공개 배포). ([메타 AI][6])

그럼에도 이미 매출 규모가 큰 곳도 있습니다.

* Reuters는 OpenAI가 2025년에 **연환산 매출 120억 달러 수준**에 도달했다고 보도했습니다(더 인포메이션 인용). ([Reuters][7])
* Anthropic은 공식 발표에서 2025년 8월 기준 **런레이트 매출 50억 달러 이상**에 도달했다고 밝혔습니다. ([Anthropic][8])

정리하면: 모델 기업의 ‘최후의 승리’ 조건은 **모델 데모가 아니라 기업 인프라(유틸리티)**가 되는 것입니다.

---

#### 4) 버티컬 AI: 장기적으로 가장 강한 수익/방어 구조가 될 가능성

범용 기술 혁신의 역사에서, 장기적으로 큰 가치는 “칩/플랫폼”뿐 아니라 **업무 현장에 붙어 있는 워크플로우 기업**이 가져가는 경우가 많습니다.

* 의료, 법률, 제조, 물류, 금융, 건설 등
* 특정 업무 흐름에 깊게 박혀서
* 사용 데이터가 쌓이고
* 교체 비용이 커지는 구조

이 영역은 화려하진 않지만, **해지율이 낮고 ROI가 측정 가능**하며 규제/신뢰를 통과한 공급자가 오래 갑니다.

---

#### 5) 규제/신뢰: “컴플라이언스가 곧 경쟁력”이 된다

EU AI Act는 **2024년 8월 1일 발효**되었고, **2026년 8월 2일 전면 적용**을 목표로 단계적으로 시행됩니다. ([digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu][9])
이런 규제는 기업 구매를 바꿉니다. 기업은 이제

* 위험관리,
* 문서화,
* 감사 가능성,
* 데이터 거버넌스,
* 안전 통제
  를 “옵션”이 아니라 “필수”로 봅니다.

---

### “그래도 하나만 찍어라”라고 하면

가장 현실적인 단일 문장은 이것입니다.

**AI 최후의 승자는 ‘컴퓨트(인프라)’와 ‘배포(기본값)’를 쥔 뒤, ‘업무 워크플로우/데이터 루프’까지 붙여서 잠금(lock-in)을 만든 집단이다.**

즉,

* 인프라(가속기 + 랙/네트워크 + 전력)
* 배포(OS/검색/업무툴/단말)
* 워크플로우(현업 소프트웨어 + 독점 데이터 루프)
  이 3개를 같이 잡는 쪽이 가장 강합니다.

---

### 응용 팁(“승자 사고방식”으로 보는 체크리스트)

1. **병목을 추적**: 2026은 컴퓨트·전력·기본값, 다음은 신뢰·데이터 권리·로보틱스(현실세계 실행)로 이동할 수 있습니다.
2. **과대광고 대신 ‘가치 포획’ 확인**: 사용량이 매출/계약/해지율로 연결되는지, 마진 방어가 되는지 봅니다.
3. **멀티모델이 기본**: 기업은 비용·지연·정책·리스크 때문에 모델을 분산시키는 경향이 커져, 오케스트레이션/관측/캐시 계층이 중요해집니다.
4. **규제 일정은 이미 ‘설계 변수’**: 2026년 8월 전면 적용은 제품/서비스 설계를 당겨 놓습니다. ([digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu][9])

---

## 日本語

### 結論:AIの「最終勝者」は単独ではなく、層(レイヤー)ごとの勝者集合

AIは汎用技術なので、永続的に一社が独占するというより、**ボトルネック(料金所)**を押さえたプレイヤーが勝ちます。2026年時点の主要ボトルネックは「計算資源」「配布(デフォルト)」「業務フロー+データ」「規制・信頼」です。

* **ハード/インフラ**:NVIDIAの離散GPUシェアはJPR報告でQ3 2025に約92%とされます。 ([Jon Peddie Research][1])
* **配布(デフォルト)**:端末・OS・検索・業務スイートに組み込まれる側が強い。SamsungのGalaxy AI拡大とGemini連携はその例です。 ([Reuters][5])
* **モデル企業**:OpenAIの年換算売上約$12B(Reuters)やAnthropicのrun-rate $5B超(公式発表)など規模は大きいが、オープンモデルの進化で商品化圧力も高い。 ([Reuters][7])
* **規制**:EU AI Actは2024/8/1発効、2026/8/2に全面適用が大枠。 ([digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu][9])

「一つに絞る」なら、**計算資源(インフラ)と配布(デフォルト)を握り、業務フローでロックインできる陣営**が最も勝ち筋が強いです。

---

## Español

### Conclusión: no habrá un único “ganador final”

La IA es una tecnología de propósito general; el valor se reparte por **capas** y lo capturan quienes controlan los **cuellos de botella**: infraestructura (cómputo/energía), distribución (default en dispositivos y suites), flujos de trabajo/datos y confianza/regulación.

Hechos relevantes para el mapa 2026:

* **Infraestructura**: JPR reporta a NVIDIA alrededor de **92%** en GPUs discretas AIB en Q3 2025. ([Jon Peddie Research][1])
* **Distribución**: Samsung planea ampliar masivamente dispositivos con “Galaxy AI”, con fuerte presencia de Gemini (Reuters). ([Reuters][5])
* **Labs de modelos**: OpenAI alcanzó aproximadamente **$12B** de ingresos anualizados en 2025 (Reuters); Anthropic declaró run-rate de **>$5B** en agosto 2025. ([Reuters][7])
* **Regulación**: el EU AI Act entró en vigor en 2024 y apunta a plena aplicabilidad en 2026 con fases. ([digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu][9])

Si hubiera que “nombrar” un patrón ganador: **quien controle cómputo + distribución y lo convierta en flujos de trabajo defensibles**.

---

## Français

### Conclusion : il n’y aura pas un seul « vainqueur final »

L’IA est une technologie générale ; les gains se capturent par **couches**. Les gagnants durables sont ceux qui contrôlent les **goulots d’étranglement** : infrastructure (compute/énergie), distribution (position par défaut), workflows + données, et conformité/fiabilité.

Repères concrets (2026) :

* **Infrastructure** : Jon Peddie Research attribue à NVIDIA environ **92%** des GPU discrets AIB au T3 2025. ([Jon Peddie Research][1])
* **Distribution** : Samsung vise une forte expansion des appareils “Galaxy AI”, largement alimentés par Gemini (Reuters). ([Reuters][5])
* **Labs modèles** : OpenAI aurait atteint ~**$12B** de revenus annualisés en 2025 (Reuters) ; Anthropic annonce >**$5B** de run-rate en août 2025. ([Reuters][7])
* **Régulation** : l’EU AI Act est entré en vigueur en 2024 et vise une applicabilité générale en 2026 avec des étapes. ([digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu][9])

Si l’on force une réponse “unique”, la meilleure approximation est : **les acteurs qui détiennent l’infrastructure et la distribution, puis verrouillent des workflows réels**, seront les vainqueurs les plus robustes.

---

* [Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/openai-softbank-invest-1-billion-sb-energy-2026-01-09/?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
* [Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/world/china/samsung-double-mobile-devices-powered-by-googles-gemini-800-mln-units-this-year-2026-01-05/?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
* [The Verge](https://www.theverge.com/tech/855412/nvidia-launches-vera-rubin-ai-computing-platform-at-ces-2026?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
* [금융 타임스](https://www.ft.com/content/ae4f28a0-39f9-48e6-bdf4-09321b03c236?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
* [marketwatch.com](https://www.marketwatch.com/story/the-real-ai-bubble-may-be-in-the-private-market-2aa25b85?utm_source=chatgpt.com)

[1]: https://www.jonpeddie.com/news/q325-pc-gpu-shipments-increased-by-2-5-from-last-quarter-which-might-suggest-a-creep-forward/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Q3'25 PC GPU shipments increased by 2.5% from last ..."
[2]: https://www.reuters.com/technology/nvidia-set-close-with-2-trillion-valuation-dell-stokes-ai-rally-2024-03-01/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Nvidia closes with $2 trillion valuation as Dell stokes AI rally"
[3]: https://nvidianews.nvidia.com/news/nvidia-announces-financial-results-for-fourth-quarter-and-fiscal-2025?utm_source=chatgpt.com "NVIDIA Announces Financial Results for Fourth Quarter ..."
[4]: https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/openai-softbank-invest-1-billion-sb-energy-2026-01-09/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "OpenAI, SoftBank invest $1 billion in SB Energy as Stargate buildout expands"
[5]: https://www.reuters.com/world/china/samsung-double-mobile-devices-powered-by-googles-gemini-800-mln-units-this-year-2026-01-05/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Samsung to double AI mobile devices to 800 million units this year"
[6]: https://ai.meta.com/blog/meta-llama-3-1/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Introducing Llama 3.1: Our most capable models to date"
[7]: https://www.reuters.com/business/openai-hits-12-billion-annualized-revenue-information-reports-2025-07-31/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "OpenAI hits $12 billion in annualized revenue, The ..."
[8]: https://www.anthropic.com/news/anthropic-raises-series-f-at-usd183b-post-money-valuation?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Anthropic raises $13B Series F at $183B post-money ..."
[9]: https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/regulatory-framework-ai?utm_source=chatgpt.com "AI Act | Shaping Europe's digital future - European Union"

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